Subject = Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Subject = Shakespeare Essay title = To Tame A Shrewpapers = To Tame A ShreworWhyDoes She Have To Be So Difficult!In Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew,one topic that has been debated, interpreted, discussed, reinterpreted andadapted into different forms has been the character of Katharina, the shrew,and whether she was tamed, liberated, or just a good enough actress to makeeveryone think she was in fact, tamed. In this essay, I will present argumentsfor and against each of these points, as well as discuss one television adaptationof Taming of the Shrew that presents Katharina not as the expected shrew, butas Petruchios tamer. Katharina: The Whipped ShrewThere is evidencethat supports Katharina was tamed by Petruchio. For instance, in the openingof the play, Katharina is very vocal and aggressive. Men, women and childrentrembled whenever she came around, including her father and sister. By theend of the play, however, she is presented as being mild and submissive toPetruchio, leading up to her greatest speech in the dialogue of the play:Thyhusband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper,Thy head, thy sovereign; onethat cares for thee,And for thy maintenance commits his bodyTo painfullabour both by sea and land,To watch the night in storms, the day in cold,Whilstthou liest warm at home, secure and safe;And craves no other tribute atthy handsBut love, fair looks and true obedience;Too little paymentfor so great a debt. (5.2.146-154)In looking at this outtake of Katharinasspeech, it can be seen that she has been tamed by Petruchios actions throughoutthe first four acts. It is difficult to take Katharinas message he re andsay, She is still the same person. Her monologue reveals that she now seesit is her duty to respect her husband and to be submissive to him. Her speechleads the audience to see that this duty of the wife is one that is a repaymentto the husband for all the hard work he does to support her, a debt that thewife could never possibly repay. We will write a custom essay on Subject = Shakespeare specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Reasons why Katharina might not have beentamed can be found in the fact that the play takes place in what seems to bejust a few days. One must ask the question: Is it possible to cause such agreat change in a persons behavior in such a short amount of time as this?It is very unlikely that it is possible, since Katharina, by the opening ofthe play, is at least 20 years of age and is very much set into her ways. It would take much longer to cure Katharina of this attitude problem she possesses. With this in mind, it is very likely that Katharina was either liberated byPetruchio in how to control her temper, or she acted as if she had been tamedto get everyone off of her back. Katharina: The Liberated ShrewSinceit is not possible for Katharina to have been tamed by Petruchio in the shorttime period of the play, it is possible that she was liberated by Petruchiosactions. In the movie version of Taming of the Shrew, starring Elizabeth Tayloras Katharina and Richard Burton as Petruchio, the ending sequence is presentedwith the widow and Bianca refusing to come out at their suitors request. Petruchio then sends for Katharina, and with the expressions on everyonesface, it can be assumed they werent expecting her to come out either. Instead,Katharina does come out, with Bianca under one arm and the widow under theother. It was at this point she delivered her speech quoted above. Now,if she was tamed, it is doubtful she would have come out with the other womenin her grips. It is more likely she would have come out alone, saying somethingalong the lines of Yes, my darling Petruchio, what can I do for thee? Instead,she forces the other women to be obedient to their spouses, still showing someof the fearful aggressiveness at the beginning of the play. .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .postImageUrl , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:hover , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:visited , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:active { border:0!important; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:active , .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucf57b1a14e4032964fb0e0750c9ed87f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Flannery O'connor EssayI see this asevidence that Petruchio has liberated Katharina in a sense that she no longerneeds to be brash and aggressive at all times, but more she can use her assertivenessfor her husbands advantage, and more importantly for her own advantage, aswhen dragging in the two women. In other words, together, they made a greatteam with Petruchios great wit and ability to play word games at the dropof a hat and Katharinas strong will and stubbornness. I find that they nolonger use these on each other, except for amusement, but to influence andgain stature and control to those around them. Katharina: The Acting ShrewInthe performance done by the Sanderson High School for last years State UILOne-Act Play, they chose to do scenes from Taming of the Shrew. This interpretationof the play was an interesting one compared to the other interpretations Ihad seen before. Instead of presenting Katharina as being tamed at worst (Isay tamed at worst because if Katharina was tamed, she would have truly lostmost of her spirit) or liberated at best, Karina Mendoza portrayed Katharinaas being an actress pretending to be tamed. In the scene where Katharinaand Petruchio are returning to Padua for Biancas wedding, they are shown arguingalong the road, as to whether the globe in the sky was the sun or the moon. Instead of realizing Petruchio was trying to free her from her anger and joinhim in his witty word-play, and instead of giving up everything to allow Petruchioto have full dominion over her, Katharina pretends to go along with him andstarts agreeing with everything he says. What Petruchio doesnt see is thatwhen Katharina turns away and faces the audience, she rolls her eyes at him,revealing that even though it appears she has conceded to him, she still retainsher personality. What also aids in this view is that when Katharina and Petruchioarrive in Padua, after Katharina gives the above speech, Petruchio scoops herinto his arms and carries her into the church, all the men applauding him. It is at this point Katharina looks out to the audience and gives the crowda knowing wink and signs the word for Okay, as if she is the one who gothim instead of the other way around. I find this evidence plausible as well,since it is difficult to see Katharina willing to give in to Petruchio andfind a middle ground with him, even if their aggressive nature is so much alike. After all, if Katharina is just acting as if she were tamed, then it is likelyshe would still have her shrewish attitude. If this is the case, then Petruchiois in for a big downfall when she decides to remove her disguise and unleashherself upon her unsuspecting husband. Katharina: The Tamer of the ShrewSofar, all the examples I have given have presented Katharina as the tamed, liberatedor acting shrew. I would like to present a different view of Katharina assomething other than the one being tamed, and look at a modern interpretationthat displays her as the tamer. I recently had an opportunity to see a recordingof the 80s television comedy Moonlighting, starring Bruce Willis and CybillShepherd. In this show, a special was done on a revision of Taming of theShrew with Willis character as Petruchio and Shepherds as Katharina. Forthe first part, this version follows the original Shakespeare text, with someliberties taken by the writers of the show, showing some tongue-in-cheek humor Petruchio rides in on a horse with both of them wearing Ray-Ban sunglasses,the saddle has the logo for BMW on the side, and Katharina has a closet fullof cheap vases to throw at her suitors. But, as the comedy progresses, aninteresting twist is given beginning when Petruchio and Katharina returnto Padua for the wedding of Bianca and Lucentio. Petruchio is confrontingBaptista about receiving the promised dowry for wedding Katharina, and Baptistademands proof that Katharina has been tamed, a part of the bargain for receivingthe dowry, because he had heard rumors that K atharina was not tamed or liberated,but that Petruchio was the one that had given in to Katharinas aggressivenature. .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .postImageUrl , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:hover , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:visited , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:active { border:0!important; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:active , .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87 .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uec7b68d616e6642ad05ea901dbb19f87:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Elwyn Palmerton EssayTo prove he had tamed Katharina, Petruchio states to her the globein the sky is the moon at noon-time. Katharina turns to the blazing sun, andafter a few moments of silence from the whole town waiting for her response,says My husband, you are mistaken. For it is the sun. I beg you, look again.The shocked crowd turns to Petruchio who, instead of getting mad and threateningthey return to his home as in the other performances when they are on the roadto Padua, stares back at the sun, and says, Why, you are right. How foolishof me. The rest of the tale ends with a variation of Katharinas speech inan 1980s fashion that man and woman are to be equals and sh ould not tryto be dominant over the other, and that it was Petruchios kindness towardsher that won her heart, for she was still the same opinionated woman. Shestates that what women truly want is for men to treat them with respect andthey will receive the same respect in return. In other words, Katharina wasnot the one needing to be tamed, but the brash attitude of Petruchio. FinalArgumentsThroughout this essay, I have presented four different argumentsabout the subject of Katharinas taming. In analyzing the text of the playand seeing how different interpretations have presented the taming, I findthat I have to agree with two of the interpretations, the first that Katharinais acting tamed, and second that she was liberated. First, I feel that shewas just acting on the road to Padua, that she was still just pretending tobe tamed so she could see her family one more time. I feel this with how quicklyshe changed her attitude when Petruchio threatened to return home and foregothe wedding. But, I also feel that her acting job here backfired against heremotionally. When she saw that by being obedient to Petruchio he treated heras an equal, she realized she needed to compromise her nature to keep thisman she was falling in love with, which leads to her being liberated. I sayKatharina is liberated because she still displays some of her shrewish attitudesduring the feast for Lucentio and Biancas wedding, when she drags out thetwo stubborn women, who refused to come out when the husbands called for them. If she was tamed at this point, she would not have been aggressive towardsthe two ladies. If she was acting, she would have risked being discoveredif she showed herself being aggressive with the ladies. If she was liberatedand able to be as an equal with Petruchio, she would have acted the way shedid aggressive towards those who were being stubborn about their husbandsauthority. I see it as Katharina was trying to show them that if they areobedient to their husband, the husband would treat them as an equal. I alsofind I have to agree with the Moonlighting version of the play, in a sense. It has to be seen that if Katharina gave in some of her attitude towards Petruchio,Petruchio also had to give in some of his own attitude. The attitude of showrespect and obedience and receive respect and equality, although carried toan extreme in the Moonlighting episode, can be seen in all the versions ofthe play discussed. In conclusion, I believe that Katharina is not the onlyone who became liberated through the course of the play, but Petruchio as well,from his own super-masculinity.

Max Weber on Culture, Authority, and the Iron Cage

Max Weber on Culture, Authority, and the Iron Cage With Karl Marx, Émile Durkheim, W.E.B. DuBois, and Harriet Martineau, Max Weber is considered one of the founders of sociology. Living and working between 1864 and 1920, Weber is remembered as a prolific social theorist who focused on economics, culture, religion, politics, and the interplay among them. Three of his biggest contributions to sociology include the way he theorized the relationship between culture and economy, his theory of authority, and his concept of the iron cage of rationality. Weber on the Relationships Between Culture and Economy Webers most well-known and widely read work is The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. This book is considered a landmark text of social theory and sociology generally because of how Weber convincingly illustrates the important connections between culture and economy. Positioned against Marxs historical materialist approach to theorizing the emergence and development of capitalism, Weber presented a theory in which the values of ascetic Protestantism fostered the acquisitive nature of the capitalist economic system. Webers discussion of the relationship between culture and economy was a ground-breaking theory at the time. It set up an important theoretical tradition in sociology of taking the cultural realm of values and ideology seriously as a social force that interacts with and influences other aspects of society like politics and the economy. What Makes Authority Possible Weber made a very important contribution to the way we understand how people and institutions come to have authority in society, how they keep it, and how it influences our lives. Weber articulated his theory of authority in the essay  Politics as a Vocation, which first took form in a lecture he delivered in Munich in 1919. Weber theorized that there are three forms of authority that allow people and institutions to attain legitimate rule over society: 1. traditional, or that rooted in the traditions and values of the past that follows the logic of this is the way things have always been; 2. charismatic, or that premised on individual positive and admirable characteristics like heroism, being relatable, and showing visionary leadership; and 3. legal-rational, or that which is rooted in the laws of the state and represented by those entrusted to protect them. This theory of Webers reflects his focus on the political, social, and cultural importance of the modern state as an apparatus that strongly influences what happens in society and in our lives. Weber on the Iron Cage Analyzing the effects the iron cage of bureaucracy has on individuals in society is one of Webers landmark contributions to social theory, which he articulated in  The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Weber used the phrase, originally  stahlhartes Gehuse  in German, to refer to the way the bureaucratic rationality of modern Western societies comes to fundamentally limit and direct social life and individual lives. Weber explained that modern bureaucracy was organized around rational principles like hierarchical roles, compartmentalized knowledge and roles, a perceived merit-based system of employment and advancement, and the legal-rationality authority of the rule of law. As this system of rule common to modern Western states is perceived as legitimate and thus unquestionable, it exerts what Weber perceived to be an  extreme and unjust influence on other aspects of society and individual lives: the iron cage limits freedom and possibility. This aspect of Webers theory would prove deeply influential to the further development of social theory  and was built upon at length by the critical theorists associated with the Frankfurt School.

Rappaccinis Daughter Quotes

'Rappaccini's Daughter' Quotes Rappaccinis Daughter is a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The work centers around a young man, and a beautiful young woman (with her brilliant and inventive father entering the scenes periodically). The work (and author) are famous for being representation of American Romantic literature (Hawthorne is also famous for The Scarlet Letter). The story is also sometimes the subject of study and discussion in American literature classes, as it explores the definition of beauty, emotion/love versus intellect/science, and an exploration of Creator/creation. Here are a few quotes from Rappaccinis Daughter. Which quote is your favorite? Quotes From the Story Nothing could exceed the intentness with which this scientific gardener examined every shrub which grew in his path; it seemed as if he was looking into their innermost nature, making observations in regard to their creative essence, and discovering why one leaf grew in this shape, and another in that, and wherefore such and such flowers differed among themselves in hue and perfume.Every portion of the soil was peopled with plants and herbs, which, if less beautiful, still bore tokens of assiduous care; as if all had their individual virtues, known to the scientific mind that fostered them.He was beyond the middle term of life, with grey hair, a thin grey beard, and a face singularly marked with intellect and cultivation, but which could never, even in his more youthful days, have expressed much warmth of heart.But now, unless Giovannis draughts of wine had bewildered his senses, a singuolar incident occurred†¦a drop or two of moisture from the broken stem of the flower descende d upon the lizards head. For an instant, the reptile contorted itself violently, then lay motionless in the sunshine. Beatrice observed this remarkable phenomenon, and crossed herself, sadly, but without surprise; nor did she therefore hesitate to arrange the fatal flower in her bosom. And must I believe all that I have seen with my own eyes? asked Giovanni pointedly, while the recollection of former scenes made him shrink.They stood, as it were, in an utter solitude, which would be made none the less solitary by the densest throng of human life. Ought not, then, the desrt of humanity around them to press this insulated pair together? If they should be cruel to one another, who was there to be kind to them?Created it! created it! repeated Giovanni. What mean you, Beatrice?Miserable! ... What mean you, foolish girl? Dost thou deem it misery to be endowed with marvelous gifts, against which no power nor strength could avail an enemy? Misery, to be able to quell the mightiest with a breath? Misery, to be as terrible as thou art beautiful? Woudst thou, then, have preferred the condition of a weak woman, exposed to all evil and capable of none?To Beatrice-so radically had her earthly part been wrought upon by Rappaccinis skill-as poison had been life, so the powerful an tidote was death. And thus the poor victim of mans ingenuity and of thwarted nature, and of the fatality that attends all such efforts of perverted wisdom, perished there, at the feet of her father and Giovanni.

Current Trends in Cardiac Health Care Research Paper

Current Trends in Cardiac Health Care - Research Paper Example These factors include changes in mortality rates, the demographic descriptions and medical health background of a â€Å"typical† cardiac disease patient, and the types of medical treatment these patients receive. Mortality Rates Patients who are admitted to the hospital for cardiac or cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke, have a mortality rate several times higher than that of general admissions. This is unsurprising, since cardiac disease is much more serious than many conditions that nevertheless require hospitalizations. On the positive side, studies have shown that the mortality rate for patients who are admitted promptly after the beginning of symptoms has been slowly but significantly declining. Statistics show that patients are more likely to admit themselves to the hospital upon signs of an urgent cardiac event; for example, though the number of heart attacks per 1000 persons in California and a decline in hospital admissions in general, there has actually been an increase in hospital admissions for heart attacks (Office of Statewide Planning and Development, 2011). This fits in with the general trend for heart attacks in hospital emergency wards that has been seen since the early 1980s. The rate of heart attack had been dropping steadily from 1980 onward, until about the middle of the 1990s, when a new test had been developed to detect heart attack. Predictably, the statistics then show the rate of heart attacks detected to rise again, but due more to the higher sensitivity of the new test and not to any actual change in the rate of heart attack in the population (Office of Statewide Planning and Development, 2011). Mortality rates for cardiac disease patients are unfortunately also affected by hospital profit and cost of care concerns. Treatment for cardiac disease is becoming a lucrative area of sub-specialization, and many smaller hospitals have begun opening cardiac ICUs and cardiac surgery departments in order to increa se their profitability (Ronning, 2007). However, the mortality and adverse event rates for patients admitted to these smaller hospitals is much higher than those of bigger, more experienced hospitals; if the trend continues, a rise in mortality rates could very well occur (Joynt, Orav, & Jha, 2011). The combination of the cutting-edge nature of cardiac care with a doctor who is unfamiliar with the field in general and does not perform many such treatments greatly affects patient outcome. This correlation has been recognized to the point that cardiac surgeons are recommended to perform a minimum number of invasive cardiac surgeries a year, in order to maintain the proper level of training and familiarity with the procedure (Tu, Austin, & Chan, 2001). Patient Demographics and History The picture of the typical heart disease or cardiac disease patient is also showing changes over time. For example, women are becoming an ever-larger percentage of admissions; in Canada by 2004, women mad e up approximately half of such admissions (Tu, Jackevicius, Lee, & Donovan, 2010). Racial percentages for cardiac-related hospitalizations have also shifted, moving some of the preponderance of patients from the Caucasian segment to other racial groups, though Caucasians still represent the majority of cardiac patients. However, this could be due to the shifting racial proportions of the entire population, and not necessarily due

Developing Cybersecurity Law and Policy Assignment

Developing Cybersecurity Law and Policy - Assignment Example Other sections of the Register include the presidential document, reader aid and federal register xml files. These sections guide the users who are mainly federal agencies on new regulations and prerequisite information to participate in rulemaking (GPO, 2013). The Federal Register is used by the relevant agencies to call for public participation in policy creation (Mead, 2004), as the majority of civil users bring in ideas that may not be available within federal workforce. Citizens are also in a position to keep track of current updates on cyber security laws and regulations. Daily updates ensure continuous information gathering and dissemination since cyber technology is highly dynamic (Cate, 2009). Topic 2: US Cyber Command US Cyber Command is a sub-unit in the US strategic command that was created by the Office of the Secretary of Defense in 2010. It is charged with planning, integrating, coordinating, synchronizing and directing military cyber space operations and managing fede ral information networks. This was an essential step in reinforcing the Department of Defense’s capability to remain in control of its information network reducing vulnerability to cyber warfare (Kenneally, 2001). This is especially the case since intelligence information handled in the network should remain protected for national security (Kenneally, 2001). ... The president appoints a cyber security coordinator commonly referred to as the cyber czar who is a government employee. It is necessary that this position be held by the government to control biased service by private institutions that may manipulate the information systems, hence making it more vulnerable to hackers (Kenneally, 2001). Academia may have its practice based on theoretical information, thus less flexible to the dynamics involved in cyber operations. This handicaps its efficiency in service delivery. An individual who is open-minded is the most appropriate to hold this position since they have a realistic approach to cyber security management (Kenneally, 2001). Topic 3: Renewed Interest in Public-Private Partnerships Several frameworks have been put in place to improve cyber security in both the public and private sectors. Public-private partnership is essential for effective protection of U.S assets, infrastructure and economic interest from attack on cyber activities. This kind of partnership enhances information sharing, minimizing the risks of the use of cyber facilities especially in the era of increased global connectivity. Partnership enables pooling of resources required for effective workforce education and training and investment in cyber security (Guttmann et al., 2003). Both the public and private sectors should be actively involved in policy making and setting cyber law that remains ahead of possible risks and in pace with technological developments. It is of importance to create an enabling environment that respects the privacy and civil liberties of all partners involved while at the same time enhancing optimal collaboration in

Race Relations :: essays research papers

1 Race Relations and Modern Church-State Relations Thomas C. Berg* This article concerns religion and race – two controversial subjects that have figured prominently in America’s constitutional and political debates since World War II. In particular, I wish to trace some connections in the last 50 years between developments in church-state relations and developments in race relations. Recently scholars of the First Amendment’s Religion Clauses have shown interest in how the Supreme Court’s modern decisions on that subject might have been influenced by the political, social, and cultural context of recent decades: such factors as the changing attitudes toward Roman Catholicism,1 the rise of secularism in culture,2 the position of religious minorities,3 and so forth. Like some of that other work, this Article traces the course of churchstate relations not only in the Court itself, but in the broader society. It would hardly be surprising if developments concerning church and state in the last 50 years interacted with developments in the area of race, since the latter have been so central to * Professor of Law, University of St. Thomas School of Law (Minneapolis). I presented portions of the material here at the Boston College Law Review Symposium on Separation of Church and State, in April 2002; at a Federalist Society program on â€Å"Faith Under Democracy,† in March 2002; at a summer 2001 symposium on Spirituality and Social Justice, sponsored by a grant from the Lilly Endowment; and to a fall 2001 meeting of the Colloquium on Religion and Philosophy at Samford University. I thank David Bains, Hugh Floyd, Penny Marler, [OTHERS], and the participants in those sessions for their comments on the various versions of the paper. 1See, e.g., John C. Jeffries, Jr., and James A. Ryan, A Political History of the Establishment Clause, 100 Mich. L. Rev. 279 (2001); Thomas C. Berg, Anti- Catholicism and Modern Church-State Relations, 33 Loyola U-Chi. L. Rev. 121 (2001); Douglas Laycock, The Underlying Unity of Separation and Neutrality, 46 Emory L. J. 43, __-__ (1997). 2See George W. Dent, Jr., Secularism and the Supreme Court, 1999 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 1. 3See Stephen M. Feldman, Religion-Clause Revisionism: Minorities and the Development of Religious Freedom (unpublished draft, on file with author). 2 constitutional law and moral-political debate – from the constitutional success of Brown v. Board of Education4 to the moral-political triumph of the civil rights movement to the current conflicts over how to define and achieve racial justice. The central story in church-state relations in the last 50 years has been the rise of a fairly strict separation of church and state as the overriding constitutional and moral ideal in the 1960s and 1970s, and the partial decline of that ideal from the 1980s

Kite Runner – Chapter 9

ENGLISH LITERATURE COMMENTARY THE KITE RUNNER The paragraph shows the moment of epiphany as it is the moment where Amir realizes that Hassan know that Amir had hide behind the alley when the incident happened. Amir discovers Hassan’s love for him is endless and accepts his flaws despite after everything that has happened shows in the phrase â€Å"led to another understanding: Hassan knew†. Hassan proves that his love for Amir is so great that he forgives Amir and willing to cover up for Amir once again.Hassan knows that Amir has betrayed him and yet he still takes the blame. â€Å"My heart sank† shows that Amir is shock that Hassan is willing to sacrifice again and take the blow. However it will be â€Å"Hassan’s final sacrifice† as it will be the ultimate sacrifice of Hassan and break the pain they both are undergoing. The situation isn’t the same anymore after the incident happened as their friendship is broken already and with Hassanâ€⠄¢s final sacrifice it puts down the curtain down to what happened in the alley.The connotation of the ‘snake’ shows that it is Amir who is responsible for everything and the sneaky evil. The simile also interjects the fact Amir is not loyal. â€Å"The monster in the lake† refers the dream that Hassan had before the kite competition but in this reference Amir is telling that monster do exist and he compares himself to a monster in which he is cruel and a wicked person who is liable for the whole event. â€Å"I wasn’t worthy of this sacrifice. I was a liar, a cheat, and a thief.And I would have told, except that a part of me was glad† shows that Amir realizes all his drawbacks and that he wasn’t worthy of Hassan’s sacrifice but at the same time he is glad that everything will be over. He is glad that maybe he would be able to move on and continue to his normal life again without having to think about his mischief because so far everythi ng reminds him of the incident. â€Å"I wanted that, to move on, to forget to start with a clean state.I wanted to be able to breathe again† conveys a message that after the incident he is not able to breathe properly because he always recall the bad memories and how he feels so desolate. He believes the only way to start a new clean state is for one of them to leave and with the presence of Hassan it is harder for Amir to erase the guilt and memory from his mind and he wants the memory to stop haunting him like a ghost. He wants to be able to breathe again and with the fact that Hassan is leaving he thinks that the pain would at least be over, his guilt will lessen, he wont be haunted anymore.